1Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK. 2CIBIO—Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, Vairão, Portugal. 3Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, VA, USA. 4College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia. 5IRBio, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. 6Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos Univeristy, Muscat, Oman. 7NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, 3500 Delwood Beach Road, Panama City, FL, USA. 8Ifremer, Unité Halieutique Gascogne Sud, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques de La Rochelle, L’Houmeau, France. 9Ifremer, Unité Littoral, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources Provence Azur Corse, La Seyne sur Mer, France. 10FishWise, Santa Cruz, CA, USA. 11Shark Research and Conservation Program, Cape Eleuthera Institute, Eleuthera, Bahamas. 12Gladbachstrasse 60, Zurich, Switzerland. 13Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France. 14Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA. 15MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Oceanography and Fisheries, University of the Azores, Azores, Portugal. 16Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigationes Científicas (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain. 17Centre d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, Villiers-en-Bois, France. 18Unité Biogé ochimie et É cotoxicologie, Laboratoire de Biogé ochimie des Contaminants Mé talliques, Nantes, France. 19Marine Sciences Program, School of Environment, Arts and Society, Florida International University, North Miami, FL, USA. 20CESIMAR Centro Nacional Patagónico, CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina. 21Laboratoire de Biologie Marine, Earth and Life Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. 22College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, Juneau Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Point Lena Loop Road, Juneau, AK, USA. 23Ifremer, Unité Halieutique Manche Mer du Nord, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques de Boulogne, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France. 24Port Elizabeth Museum at Bayworld, Port Elizabeth, South Africa. 25Save Our Seas Foundation—D’Arros Research Centre (SOSF-DRC), Geneva, Switzerland. 26University of Cape Town, Department of Biological Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa. 27School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan. 28Departamento do Mar IPMA, Lisbon, Portugal. 29Reef HQ, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. 30Aquatic Biology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark. 31School of Environment, Arts, and Society, Florida International University, North Miami, FL, USA. 32Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada. 33Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Namibia, Henties Bay, Namibia. 34Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. 35Ocean Associates, Inc., Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, La Jolla, CA, USA. 36Marine Sciences Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, North Miami, FL, USA. 37Centro de Investigacion para la Sustentabilidad, Facultad de Ecologia y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile. 38Ifremer, Unité Sciences et Techniques Halieutiques, Laboratoire de Technologie et Biologie Halieutique, Lorient, France. 39Division of Coastal Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, MS, USA. 40College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China. 41Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), R 195 LEMAR, UMR 6539 (UBO, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER), Nouméa, New Caledonia. 42Harvard University Center for the Environment, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. 43Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. 44Earth to Ocean Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. 45Marine Sciences Program, Florida International University, North Miami, FL, USA. 46Texas Research Institute for Environmental Studies, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA. 47Australian Institute of Marine Science, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. 48Mediterranean Istitute of Oceanography (MIO), Aix Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, 13288 Marseille, France. 49Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia. 50Department of Environmental and Aquatic Animal Health, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, USA. 51Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, North Miami, FL, USA. 52Scottish Oceans Institute, School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, UK. 53CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. 54Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA. 55Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. 56Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería, Programa de Biología, Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano Marina, Bogotá, Colombia. 57Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. 58Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, USA. 59Instituto de Ecología, Pesquerías y Oceanografía del Golfo de México (EPOMEX), Universidad Autónoma de Campeche (UAC), Campeche, Campeche, Mexico. 60Earth to Oceans Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. 61School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA. 62Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA. 63Department of the Interior Northeast Climate Science Center, Amherst, MA, USA. 64Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. 65WorldFish Timor-Leste, Dili, Timor-Leste. 66Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centre Oceanogràfic de les Balears, Palma, Spain. 67The Guy Harvey Research Institute, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL, USA. 68State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. 69Department of Chemical Oceanography, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan. 70National Oceanography Centre Southampton, Southampton, UK. Present address: 71Centre for Environment, Fisheries, & Aquaculture Sciences (CEFAS), Lowestoft, UK. 72NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Regional Office, St. Petersburg, FL, USA. 73National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Panama City Laboratory, Delwood Beach Road, Panama City, FL, USA.